Regulation of segetal vegetation when using soil herbicides in the agrocenosis of winter rape

Abstract

Goal. To determine the species and quantitative composition of weeds, to establish the effectiveness and selectivity of soil herbicides in the agrocenosis of winter rape. Methods. Field — to monitor segetal vegetation, and application of soil herbicides; calculation — to establish the effectiveness of drugs; mathematical-statistical — for dispersion analysis and statistical processing of research results. Results. The monitoring of winter rape crops, which was carried out at the experimental field of the Carpathian Agricultural Research Station of the Institute of Agriculture of the Carpathian Region of NAAS, showed that during the period of research (2020–2023), the phytocenosis included 34 types of weeds from 30 genera and 17 families, at an average number 287.4 pcs./m2. The effectiveness of the applied soil herbicides was 59.7–85.7%. Under different variants of application of drugs, the seed yield varied from 2.17 to 2.86 t/ha, which was higher than that one in control by 23.3–62.5%, and the level of profitability reached 101.9–143.0% (in the control, 72, 9%). Conclusions. It was established that the type and quantity of weeds, the nature and degree of weediness of the field, and therefore the future yield of the crop depended on the soil herbicides used in winter rape crops.