Water-ecological problems of rivers of Western Polissia of Ukraine (on an instance of water-collecting area Horyn)

Abstract

The purpose. To determine basic water-environmental problems of rivers of Western Polissia of Ukraine (on an instance of water-collecting area Horyn). Methods. Dialectic method of scientific knowledge, analysis and synthesis, system generalization. Results. State-of-the-art ecological state of basin of the river Horyn is characterized. Basic water-environmental problems in water-collecting area are analyzed, in particular water deliveries of the population and branches of national economy, complex geological structure of water-collecting area, provision of water service of Khmelnytskyi atomic power plant, reclamative land development, water pollution, etc. Is established that for today water-ecological situation in basin of river Horyn is catastrophic, that influences all the sides of vital activity of the person and leads to significant ecological and economic losses. Owing to breaking the water balance river Horyn shallows. The major factors influencing deterioration of surface and subsoil waters in water-collecting area, are disposals of sewage. Except for pollution of water objects, the urgent problem demanding the solution is the acting structure of lands in the basin of river Horyn. As a result of excessive agricultural land use the areas of natural lands were sharply divided out. Conclusions. By results of the analysis of water-environmental problems in the basin of river Horyn it is established that a priority task for solving crisis situation is execution of complex assessment on transformation of ecosystem of the river with the subsequent development of nature protection measures. The solution of the given problems depends first of all on perfecting rational water management in water-collecting area on the basis of implementation of basin principle of water resources management.