Formation of water regime of soil in system of short crop rotations

Abstract

Goal. To determine ways of rational use of soil moisture by crops for cultivation in the system of short rotation crop rotation. Methods. Field, laboratory, comparative and analytical. Results The features of formation of water regime of soil in the system of short rotation crop rotation depending on the saturation and placement of agricultural crops in them and the level of their intensification are shown. Conclusions In the conditions of an extremely drought-growing period, the early days of productive moisture in the soil layer of 0 - 160 cm, accumulated at the expense of precipitation in the autumn-winter-early-spring periods, are the determining factors for the formation of crop yields. The highest total soil moisture consumption during the growing season for sunflower cultivation was 437-468 mm, corn for grain - 419-433, sugar beet - 405-488, and all other crops - 291 to 375 mm.