Scientific and methodological approaches to the sustainable management of soil resources of the Steppe of Ukraine in irrigation

Abstract

The purpose. Development of scientific-methodical approaches to sustainable control over soil resources of Steppe of Ukraine in conditions of irrigation. Methods. Monitoring probes, methods of synthesis, analysis. Results. It is displayed that in conditions of the heightened anthropogenic load on soils, exacerbations of ecological situation, development of degradation processes, aridization of climate it is necessary to use principles of stable control over edaphic resources which are directed on confinement of edaphic systems in optimum or close to them parameters. The system of sustainable control over irrigated soil resources includes 5 interdependent blocks: informational, organizational, technological, economic, normative-methodical provision. Sustainable control should be based on the complex, integrated evaluation procedures of ecological-agromelioration state of irrigated soils, on mapping out of directions of their intelligent use, on measures on protection and increase of fertility of soils, restoration and spread of areas of irrigation in conditions of climate fluctuations. Assessment of the level of giving eco-system services by typical chernozems and dark-chestnut soils of objects of probes is carried out. It is fixed that non-irrigated typical chernozems with good ecological-agromelioration state are characterized by high level of eco-system services, and irrigated with satisfactory and unsatisfactory states — medium and low. The level of giving services by chestnut soils — virgin, non-irrigated and irrigated with suitable water — is evaluated as high, and irrigated soils of Ingulets system — as medium. For chernozem inferred from irrigation they developed prognostic models of change of its properties. Conclusions. Sustainable control over irrigated soils is directed on optimization and stabilization of regimes of operation of soils, execution by soil of ecological functions, giving eco-system services, level recession of degradation of the soils, the balanced land-use and solution of questions of food safety of the country.