The detailed method for determining the structure of winter wheat crops

Abstract

The purpose. To apply a detailed method for determining the structure of the winter wheat crop. Methods. Field experiment, laboratory weighting method, correlation analysis. The structure of winter wheat crop was analyzed, dividing the stalk samples into groups by grain weight from 0.5 g to 4 g with an interval of 0.5 g, which made it possible to determine the biological heterogeneity of stems by weight. Results. Using the method of analysis, large sample populations of winter wheat plants are divided into groups according to the weight of grain from an ear, which made it possible to determine the biological heterogeneity of the stems by weight. In the control variant, the maximum mass of stem with spikes exceeded the minimum by 4.7 times, in the fertilized one — by 8 times. The difference between the options is due to the number of groups (in the control — 6, in the fertilized — 8), as well as the amount of data in the groups. Reliable dependences of the mass of ears with grain, the mass of pure grain per ear, number of grains in an ear and mass of stem and a particularly positive dependence of the mass of one grain on the number of grains in an ear were revealed. In the control variant, 85% of the crop was provided by ears with the productivity of 0.5–2 g with biological yield of 413 g/m2, and in the fertilized version, 82% of the crop was obtained from ears with the productivity of 1-3 g with biological crop of 887 g/m2. The results presented were confirmed in 2017. The dependence of the yield structure on the mass of stem and between individual elements of the structure was revealed, as a result of which the potentialities of the studied culture were shown. The undoubted dependence of grain yield on the mass of mother stem makes specialists take care of its growth and development at all stages of winter wheat organogenesis. Conclusions. With an increase in the mass of the stem with an ear, the indicators of elements of the structure of winter wheat crop increase.