Technological principles of production of organo-mineral fertilizers from leonardite

Abstract

Goal. Improvement of the method of obtaining solid organo-mineral fertilizer with the use of leonardite. Methods. Laboratory-analytical, model, statistical. Results. Technological approaches to the processing of natural raw materials into organo-mineral fertilizers with the definite composition of nutrients are proposed. The expediency of enriching leonardite with a starting complex of nutrients, which enhances the fertilizer-stimulating effect and allows to obtain fertilizers with improved agro-chemical properties and increased physiological activity, has been scientifically substantiated. The optimal ratio in mixture of components of solid organo-mineral fertilizers is 1:1. Such mixture contains organic (leonardite with a moisture content of at least 40%) and mineral (a complex fertilizer N16P16K16) components. The mixture contain easily digestible form all 3 basic nutrients that significantly improve the quality of the final product without decreasing the functionality of mineral and organic components as a nutritional value for plants. The technology of preparation of solid organo-mineral fertilizers provides a separate stage of grinding organic and mineral components, during which they are stabilized. The next technological stage is the enrichment of leonardite in the appropriate ratio of the starting complex of nutrients with the replacement of water with mineral components and the process of saturation of leonardite with subsequent granulation and drying of the finished product. Conclusions. The proposed method of obtaining organo-mineral fertilizer is based on the use of available organic and mineral raw materials, which transform into organo-mineral form, balanced in the content of humic substances, macro- and micronutrients.