The features of formation of efficient agrocenoses of oilseed flax in organic production

Abstract

Goal. To develop efficient elements of technology for growing oilseed flax of registered and promising varieties to obtain environmentally friendly products in terms of organic production (application of technological factors and means of biologization) for soil and climatic conditions of the Western Forest-Steppe zone. Methods. Field (to monitor the growth and development of plants during the growing season); laboratory-field (study of the influence of the studied factors on the dynamics of biometric indicators of plants); laboratory-chemical (determination of quality indicators of seeds and stems, nutrient content in the soil); measuring and weighing (determination of yield and yield structure); mathematical and statistical (determination of the reliability of the obtained results); calculation and comparison (determination of economic and energy efficiency). Results. The efficiency of biological preparations and microfertilizers in the organic technology of oilseed flax cultivation in soil and climatic conditions of the Carpathian region of Ukraine is evaluated. It was found that the use of complex microfertilizer Nanomix and biological preparations Rokohumin, Haupsyn Forte, Aktarofit K, Trykhoveryn, and Mikoaplai helped to reduce the damage to oilseed flax plants by anthracnose by 3.4–6.6% with the technical efficiency of these drugs in the range of 10.4–20.1%. The highest productivity of oilseed flax, provided it is grown by organic technology (1.18 t/ha), was obtained using Nanomix microfertilizer: seed treatment (2.0 l/t) + spraying of plants (4.0 l/ha). The increase before control was 0.19 t/ha (19.1%). The use of biopesticides and mycorrhizal preparation Mikoaplai also caused a significant increase in the productivity of flax seeds of oil variety Vodogray in the range of 0.03–0.06 t/ha (3.1–6.2%). The highest increase in flax straw yield was obtained with the use of Rokohumin for seed treatment in the dose of 2.0 l/t in combination with the foliar application (4.0 l/ha) (by 0.22 t/ha). The use of Nanomix microfertilizer (2 l/t) for seed treatment caused an increase in the oil content in the seeds by 0.5–0.6%. Conclusions. The highest productivity of oilseed flax, provided it is grown by organic technology (1.18 t/ha), was obtained using Nanomix microfertilizer: seed treatment (2.0 l/t) + spraying of plants (4.0 l/ha). The increase before control was 0.19 t/ha (19.1%).