Improvement of technology of intake of drainage water filtered from reservoirs and their use

Abstract

Goal. To offer the improved technology of water intake by systems of anti-filtration protection of territories against flooding from reservoirs and preparation of drainage waters for water use. Methods. Analytical-synthetic — for the analysis of modern scientific research and development of measures to improve the technology of water intake by anti-filtration curtains from flooding from reservoirs; statistical — for the analysis of parameters of a technological process; calculation — to create a simulation model of the anti-filtration curtain with vacuum siphon technology of water intake. Results. To improve the ecological condition of the territories located in the zones of influence of the Dnieper reservoirs, it is proposed to improve the design and technological parameters for vertical drainage systems. The main attention is paid to anti-filtration systems with airlift drainage from drainage wells, in particular the protection of the territory of Kamianskyi pod (area 6400 ha), located on the left bank of the Kakhovka reservoir. It is proposed to improve the anti-filtration systems by replacing the airlift technology of water intake from wells with a vacuum siphon to avoid clogging of the filters. According to the results of modeling according to the author’s method of calculation of vertical drainages with siphon drainage of filtration waters from wells, 3 different variants of anti-filtration curtains for hydrogeological conditions of Kamianskyi pod are presented. It is also proposed to use the drainage water, after proper preparation, to meet local water needs to avoid losses associated with its transportation over long distances. The ratio of daily human water use for sanitary, household, and drinking needs is considered. Conclusions. For rational water use, they proposed the use of groundwater, which causes flooding of areas adjacent to reservoirs, and pumped back to reservoirs, to use to meet different water needs. That is, use anti-filtration curtains as infiltration water intakes and return water after use and treatment to reservoirs.