Formation of white lupinе productivity in the modern climatic conditions

Abstract

Goal. To evaluate the influence of weather conditions in the years of research on the duration of interphase periods and the growing season of white lupine of Chabansky variety, generative development, the formation of the level of yield, and its quality. Methods. Field, weighing and laboratory research methods were used to assess plant growth and development, as well as product quality. By B.A. Dospekhov method of correlation and regression analysis, they identified variability and relationships between these indicators and weather conditions. Results. Weather conditions, which developed in 2016–2020 in the period from sowing to full maturity of white lupine plants, differed significantly over the years of research and affected the duration of the period sowing-seedlings, growing season, plant growth and development, and ultimately — the level of the crop harvest. The most favorable conditions for the formation of the crop were formed in 2016, as evidenced by the highest yield of 4.18 t/ha and the index of conditions of the year 0.69; less favorable in 2018 — 3.95 t/ha and the index of conditions of the year 0.46; in 2019 — 3.60 t/ha and 0.11; in 2017 — 3.14 t/ha and 0.35 respectively. 2020 was the most unfavorable, as indicated by the minimum yield of 2.57 t/ha and the index of annual conditions — 0.92. Weather conditions also affected the quality of the obtained products — the content of crude protein in grain ranged from 33.4 to 36.0%, and its collection depended on the level of crop yield and amounted to 1.48–0.86 t/ha. Conclusions. Peculiarities of interphase periods and duration of growing season of the variety Chabansky of white lupine, plant development, yield level, and grain quality differed depending on meteorological conditions that developed during the growing season during the research years (2016–2020). To reduce the impact of these factors, as well as to obtain a stable grain yield, it is necessary to create varieties that are resistant to adverse conditions, and also to use anti-stress agents and plant growth stimulants.