The efficiency of growing vegetable plants in interplanting companion crops

Abstract

Goal. To determine optimal technological parameters for growing vegetable plants in interplanting companion crops. Methods. Field (observation of plant growth and development), measuring and weighing (yield determination), laboratory and chemical (assessment of fruit quality indicators), statistical (determination of the reliability of experimental data), calculation and comparison (determination of economic efficiency). Results. The yield of vegetable marrow at interplanting with sugar corn and beets was 33.4–33.8 t / ha, which is less than in the control by 5.3–6.5%. Yields of additional products of table beet ripeness at different densities were 10.5–11.4 t/ha, sugar corn — 2.3–2.8 t/ha. The total profit at interplanting of vegetable marrow increased by 20.9–22.4 and 10.5–11.7 thousand UAH respectively for control. Tomato yields at interplanting with shallots and sweet corn decreased by 2.3 and 2.9 t/ha (5.5 and 6.9%), respectively, compared with the control. At interplanting with shallots and sweet corn, the additional profit was 49.9–55.0 and 3.7–5.7 thousand UAH/ha, respectively. The highest net profit — 158.5–163.6 thousand UAH with a level of profitability of 190.7–195.5% was fixed at interplanting tomatoes with shallots on a green feather. Conclusions. Growing vegetable marrow and tomatoes at interplanting led to a slight shortage of their crop relative to crops without interplanting. Combined cultivation of basic and compacting plants contributed to a larger total yield per unit of sown area, net profit, and level of profitability due to compacting plants.