Effect of doses of mineral fertilizers and growth stimulants on the productivity of sunflower hybrids

Abstract

Goal. To study the peculiarities of the formation of the sunflower crop and the quality of its seeds in the conditions of the Western Polissia depending on the biological potential of the studied hybrids, different doses of mineral fertilizers, and foliar fertilization with growth stimulants. Methods. The research was based on field experiments using the following methods: field and laboratory — to observe the growth and development of plants, calculation-weight — to determine the parameters of the crop structure and seed yield, mathematical-statistical — to assess the reliability of the research results, calculation-comparative — to determine the economic efficiency of elements of growing technologies. Results. The results of research in the cultivation of sunflower hybrids Hoduavalnyk, Husliar, Intehral with the use of different doses of fertilizer and foliar feeding with growth stimulants, which had a positive effect on plant growth and development, structural indicators, and crop productivity, are presented. Under mineral fertilization and plant feeding, the yield of sunflower hybrids was formed to a different extent compared to the yield on the control plots (without fertilizers and treatment). Thus, the yield of sunflower hybrids Hoduvalnyk was 1.98–3.22 t / ha, Husliar — 1.57–2.42, Intehral — 1.31–2.23 t / ha. The yield increase in sunflower hybrids was 0.41–1.42 t / ha, 0.26–0.99, 0.22–0.99 t / ha, respectively. Conclusions. It was established that application of N90P60K120 in combination with foliar fertilization with the growth stimulator Vympel 2 (0.5 l / ha) in the phases of 3–4 and 5–6 sunflower leaves provided the highest yield of the studied hybrids: Hoduvalnyk — 3.22 t/ha, Husliar — 2.24, Intehral — 2.23 t / ha, and oil yield 1.63; 1.20 and 1.19 t / ha, respectively.