Management of growth and development of spring barley plants based on the application of technological factors

Abstract

Goal. To analyze the growth and development of spring barley plants depending on the influence of the perfection of the technological process of sowing, the norms of seed sowing, and the norms of mineral fertilizers. Methods. Field and laboratory following the requirements of scientific agronomy research methodology. Variants of the sowing process: controlled by the depth of seed wrapping, and uncontrolled, i.e. different depth of seed wrapping. Variants of seed sowing rates: 300; 350; 400 pcs./m2. Variants of the norm of mineral fertilizers: N0P0K0; N30P45K45; N60P60K90. Results. The dependence of the growth and development of spring barley plants on the onset and duration of phenophases on the influence of the studied factors was established. Conclusions. With controlled seed wrapping when sowing spring barley to a depth of 2–3 cm, the duration of the germination phase was 15 days, with multi-depth sowing — 18 days. The phase of tillering in plants under the controlled sowing process came on the 28th day, and in the uncontrolled multi-depth one — on the 33rd day after germination. It was established that the duration of the tillering phase of barley plants on controlled seeding was 24 days on average, uncontrolled — only 18 days. In the variants of mineral fertilizer standards N0P0K0; N30P45K45; N60P90K90, and seed sowing standards 300; 350; and 400 pcs./m2 in the management of the duration of the process of tillering of plants, the limit of changes was reached from 21 to 26 days, on crops of uneven sowing — from 16 to 20 days. The interphase flowering period — early wax maturity on average in barley crops under controlled sowing was 31 days, uncontrolled sowing — 34 days.