Productivity of bulls and product quality at the use of GM-soya in the diet

Abstract

Goal. To determine the level of energy saturation of a wheeled tractor, which will make it possible to use such a tractor as efficiently as possible — primarily as a part of traction machine-tractor units that can reach a given level of load on the tractor engine in terms of power. Methods. Theoretical studies were carried out using the foundations of higher mathematics, the theory of traction dynamics of a tractor, which considered the process of rolling an elastic wheel on a deformed soil surface, described the essence of the traction and the prospects of the traction energy concept of the development of mobile traction vehicles concerning the level of their energy saturation. Calculations were carried out in the Mathcad 15.0 software environment using analytical dependencies that reflected the influence of the structural parameters of the tractor and the characteristics of the soil environment on the maximum value of the tangential traction force of the power vehicle at a given level of skidding of its engines. Results. The analytical dependence of the energy saturation of the wheeled tractor on the parameters that determine the state of the agricultural background processed by the traction unit (coefficients of rolling resistance, skidding, soil sliding friction) under different speed regimes was analyzed. Conclusions. At the working speed of the traction unit up to 4 m/s (14.4 km/h), the energy saturation of the tractor should not exceed 17 kW/t. Under the real speed mode of its operation at the level of 2 m/s (7.2 km/h), the desired value of this indicator is two times less. The gradual increase in the share of agrotechnical backgrounds with higher values of their resistance to rolling of the wheeled drive contributes to the use of tractors with a lower (9–10 kW/t) level of energy saturation. If the soil structure is preserved due to the limitation of the maximum towing value of wheeled power vehicles to 15%, the sufficient level of their energy saturation is 9–10 kW/t. If the maximum permissible value of towing is reduced to 10–12%, the level of energy saturation of tractors can (and should) be even lower. At a small (9–10 kW/t) level of energy saturation of wheeled tractors, the most rational method of increasing the productivity of traction units is the use of their wide-grip and combined options with the wide use of double/triple or arch drives with low air pressure in their tires.