Regulation of phytopathogenic mycobiota by plant groups as a method of controlling phytopathogens in agroecosystems

Abstract

Goal. To substantiate the effectiveness of phytopathogenic background regulation in agrophytocenoses by the interaction of cultivated plants with phytopathogenic micromycetes as a method of reducing biological pollution of the agroecosystem. Methods. To conduct a system analysis, summarize the knowledge and materials of the authors’ scientific research on the interaction of phytopathogenic mycobioma with plant groups, as well as to study the analytical materials of many scientific institutions of Ukraine and the world, ecological, phytopathological, phytoimmunological and mathematically analytical methods were used. Results. The modern methods of phytopathogenic background control in agrocenoses, which contain agronomic, regulatory, genetic, physical, chemical, and biological approaches used both separately and in combination, were generalized. The influence of anthropogenic factors on the soil microbiome was studied, in particular through the intensive use of pesticides and fertilizers, which threatened to reduce the microbial diversity and productivity of agrocenoses. The importance of endophytic microorganisms and root exometabolites for the process of regulation of phytopathogenic mycobioma was proved. Conclusions. It is recommended to introduce into production new methodical approaches and methods of regulation of phytopathogenic background in agrocenoses, aimed at selection for resistance of crops against pests and pathogens, and creation of biological preparations of protective and fertilizing action. The implementation of such studies should be accompanied by the training of highly qualified scientific specialists in the field of biosafety of agroecosystems, and the development of appropriate modern educational and methodological support.