Characte­ristics of initial breeding materials for creating hybrids of cotton of the species Gossypium Nirsutum L.

Abstract

Goal. To determine the features of creating new precocious medium-fiber high-yielding cotton varieties and inheriting fiber yield in hybrid combinations of the I generation, obtained from genotypes of various forms of cotton of the species G. hirsitum L. Methods. Field — to monitor the growth and development of plants, weather, and climatic conditions of the environment; laboratory — to determine the quality of the fiber; mathematical and statistical analysis — for analysis of variance and statistical processing of data to assess the reliability of the obtained research results. Results. Plant analysis of 39 hybrid combinations of the I generation based on «fiber yield» obtained by dialelic crossing showed that in 7 combinations there was dominance of the paternal or maternal form, in 13 — an intermediate degree of dominance was revealed with a deviation to the paternal or maternal form, 19 combinations showed positive or negative superdomination. The complete dominance of the paternal or maternal form based on «fiber yield» was characterized by hybrid combinations of F1 in plants with sharply different indicators. Conclusions. It was determined that the dominance of one of the parental forms and intermediate inheritance by the signs of fiber yield and length were manifested in hybrids of F1, in the crossing of which parents with different genotypes and high and medium indicators participated, and inheritance by the type of positive superdomination — in hybrids with parental forms having medium and high fiber yield rates.