Economically valuable signs of hybrid lines of winter rape of Eurolighting direction

Abstract

Goal. To create a starting material for use in the selection process by selecting promising high-yield samples of winter rape plants that were resistant to postemergence herbicides. Methods. The study was conducted in 2016–2020 based on the Carpathian State Agricultural Experimental Station of the Institute of Agriculture of Carpathian Region of NAAS. Samples of winter rape (Brassica napus L.), intergenerational, interspecific and intraspecific hybrids, as well as populations based on them, were used. To assess the morphobiological and economically valuable signs of breeding genotypes of winter rape, plant resistance to herbicides and diseases, as well as their winter hardiness, the field method was used. Seed quality indicators (oil content, fatty acid composition, content of glucosinolates) were determined by laboratory method. Statistical method was used to ascertain the reliability of the obtained results. Forms of winter rape, the most resistant to the herbicide Nopasaran (active substances (d.r.): 375 g/l of Metazakhlor, 25 g/l of Imazamoks) in a dose of 1.2 l/ha in combination with a surfactant Metolat in a dose of 1.2 l/ha, were found. Breeding samples were characterized by a high level of manifestation of quantitative signs that determine the productivity of winter rape plants (yield — 5.3–5.7 t/ha, content in oil seeds — 45.5–46.7%, glucosinolates — up to 15 µmol/g), and the complete absence of erucic acid. Conclusions. It was proved that the selected breeding material had biological potential of productivity, complex immunity to the main pathogens, and high winter hardiness, which indicated its economic value. Consequently, the studied samples of winter rape were suitable for use in breeding work to create hybrids of the Eurolighting direction.