Study of the influence of organic and mineral substances on the viability of potato cancer pathogen zoosporangia

Abstract

Goal. To determine the effect of organic and mineral substances on the viability of zoosporangia of the potato cancer pathogen Synchytrium endobioticum (Schilb.) Perc. in outbreaks of the disease. Methods. Laboratory (laying laboratory experiments to study the effectiveness of organic and mineral substances against the causative agent of potato cancer), field (studying the effectiveness of substances against the causative agent of the disease in the field), phytopathological (detection and identification of viable zoosporangia of the causative agent of cancer before and after the introduction of organic and mineral substances), mathematical statistical (processing of research results using the Statistica 6 program). Determination of the content of organic substances and soil pH was carried out according to the methodological recommendations. Technical efficiency was determined according to the «Method for Testing and Using Pesticides». Experiments were conducted in 2022–2024 at the Zakarpattia Plant Quarantine Center of the Institute of Plant Protection of NAAS (vil. Maidan, Khust district, Zakarpattia oblast) on the Poliska rozheva variety susceptible to cancer. Results. According to the results of laboratory and field studies on the effect of organic substances on the viability of zoosporangia of the cancer pathogen, the effectiveness of their action was not revealed. Instead, an increase in the germination of zoosporangia by 14.3–22.6% was observed. Studying the influence of superphosphate on the viability of zoosporangia of the cancer pathogen, it was found that if it was introduced into the soil by consumption rates of 0.2–0.5 t / ha, a decrease was observed in the number of viable zoosporangia of the cancer pathogen from 46.3 to 34.8 (by 24.8%). During the study of the effect of nitroammophoska (consumption rate — 0.2–0.5 t / ha), the number of germinated zoosporangia of the cancer pathogen decreased to 41.5 (by 10.1%). Conclusions. According to the results of laboratory and field studies, it was established that in the outbreak of cancer, in the case of the introduction of organic substances, the germination of viable zoosporangia increased from 14.3 to 22.6%. By adding minerals — superphosphate and nitroammophoska — it was possible to reduce the infectious load of the cancer agent to 24.8%. It is advisable to introduce such a measure to control the pathogen of potato cancer to limit the spread of the pathogen in the outbreak of the disease, to improve the phytosanitary condition.