Evaluation of varieties of winter crops by the parameters of plasticity and stability

Abstract

Goal. To evaluate the varieties of competitive varietal testing of wheat, rye, and winter triticale according to the indicators of plasticity and stability in different growing conditions. Methods. Measuring weight — to determine yield, mathematical-statistical — to calculate plasticity, stability, and other statistics. The hydrothermal coefficient of weather conditions was determined by the Selianinov scale. Mathematical data were calculated using Microsoft Excel 10. Results. The study was conducted during 2023–2025 in the NSC «Institute of Agriculture (IA) of NAAS» (vil. Chabany, Fastov district, Kyiv oblast). The soil of the experimental field was a typical light-carbonaceous chornozem. Among the varieties of grain crops of selection of NSC «IA of NAAN» the best were: the varieties of winter wheat Arhora, Ardamon, and Feniks (average grain yield — 5.5–6.5 t/ha, bi value — 0.5–0.6, Si2 — 1.0–2.0), the varieties of winter rye Elika and Anzhe (7.3 and 8.1 t/ha, bi — 1.12 and 1.10, Si2 — 9.48 and 9.24, respectively), and winter varieties of triticale Olevia and Damiralda (3.9 and 4.2 t/ha, bi — 0.56 and 0.33, Si2 — 1.52 and 0.54, respectively). Conclusions. These varieties of winter crops are valuable for introduction into production, as they respond very well to improving growing conditions and have stable yields, which ensure high and sustainable grain yields.