Protection of winter wheat against illnesses and pests at different fertilizer systems

Abstract

The purpose. To study fytosanitory state of sowings of winter wheat at different systems of fertilizing with the purpose of optimization of system of its protection against illnesses and pests. Methods. Field, laboratory, analysis of variance. Results. Results of long-term researches in fytosanitory state of sowings of winter wheat are presented at different systems of fertilizing, and the expediency of chemical crop protection during vegetation is justified. Conclusions. It is fixed that application of collateral products of the pease, the moderate doses of artificial fertilizers, in particular nitrogenous in dose of 60–120 kg/hectare at ratio of nitrogen and potassium 1,3:1 in techniques of growing of winter wheat ensures congenial fytosanitory state of sowings and restricts application of fungicides and disinsectants during vegetation of crop. Use of large doses of artificial fertilizers (N300P150K150; N120, N240P80K100 and N180P135K135) promotes increase of numerosity of pathogenic fungi in soil, reinforces strikeness of plants with root rots, floury dew, septoria spot of leaves, invading with sucking pests that causes intense chemical protection of plants.