Influence of compaction and fertilization of soil on use of nutrients and productivity of spring barley

Abstract

The purpose. To determine influence of soil compaction, as well as efficiency of action and after-action of fertilizers on use of nutrients from soil and productivity of intense and half-intense varieties of spring barley. Methods. Field small-plot, laboratory-analytical, mathematical-statistical. Results. Influence of firmness of soil and fertilizers on coefficient of use of nutrients by plants from soil and productivity of varieties of barley is determined. It is established that intense varieties of barley use on 6% more nitrogen and phosphorus, and on 11% — of potassium, than half-intensive ones. Conditions of watering have essential influence upon conditions of absorbing nutrients and formation of yield. Deficiency of moisture promotes lowering of use of nutrients from soil in 2–3 times in comparison to their use in excessively wet conditions. At overmoistening the greatest productivity (73,5 and 69 c/hectare of intense and half-intense varieties) have been gained at optimum firmness and at importation of N45P45K45. In conditions of drought year the greatest productivity of spring barley (intense variety — 18,5, half-intense — 23,5 c/hectare) is generated on the background of after-effect of N90P90K90 at optimum soil compaction. The downdrift of productivity of cultivated crop is registered at augmentation of soil compaction up to 1,4 g/cm3. Conclusions. As a result of experimental researches it is established that due to importation of the heightened doses of fertilizers into combination to optimum firmness of soil it is possible to gain heavy yield of spring barley. The compacted soil negatively influences growth and development of cultivated plants, hampers use of nutrients from soil and reduces productivity of cultivated varieties of the crop.