Results of creation of technical means for growing crops on resources-saving technologies

Abstract

The purpose. To gain new scientific knowledge and to create on their basis highly effective complexes of technical means for growing crops on resources-saving technologies. Methods. With the use of laws of mechanics mathematical models of interaction of tools of machines with technological materials and soil are gained; their basic rules are experimentally tested, imitating models of working processes are developed; assessment of basic parameters of technical means is made during departmental and state warranty tests in the Institute on the basis standard techniques. Results. New theory of interaction of tools with technological materials of technical means is developed for agrochemical maintenance of agroindustrial production; bases of the theory of distribution of technological materials on the surface of field in view of conditions of accomplishment of production operations are created; basic new methodology of formation of approaches to substantiation of rational uniformity of seeding in view of zones of plant nutrition is developed; new regularity of work of wide web pressure-pneumatic centralized systems of sowing complexes and seeders are determined; new regularity of dynamics of traffic of machine-tractor assemblies generated with the use of one-operational and multioperational machines is gained. With the use of these results the highly effective complex of technical means which have successfully passed state warranty tests is created, and their production by the domestic factories of agricultural engineering industry is mastered. Conclusions. On the basis of the gained new knowledge highly effective technical means which are characterized by high technical-and-economic indexes are developed, namely: their productivity not below, than at the best world analogues, and in separate components it is above in 1,5–2 times, these means provide decrease of over-all specific power inputs on 20–30 % at the price of machines below in 1,5–2,3 times. Implementation in production of these complexes has already given economic benefit nearby 2,5 billion hrn.