Adaptive ability, stability and pliability of lettuce in changeable ecological conditions

Abstract

The purpose. To determine systems of interaction grade — medium — yield with the use of calculus, simulation and prediction on an instance of dependence of productivity of lettuce of grade Snizhynka on hydrothermal quotients of zones of Left-bank Forest-steppe and Polissia. Methods. Field, laboratory, statistical. Results. It was fixed that best values of hydrothermal quotient (HTQ) for deriving maximum level of productivity in conditions of Left-bank Forest-steppe made 0,8–1, and in conditions of Polissia — 1,2–2. In conditions of Polissia influence of weather environment on productivity of lettuce was the least. Relative stability of grade was higher in conditions of Forest-steppe (20,24%). But in conditions of Forest-steppe on parameter bi lettuce of grade Snizhynka was more ecologically plastic (1,24), that is at favorable weather environment it showed rather high productivity. In conditions of Polissia, on the contrary, grade Snizhynka was less plastic (0,76) and with a smaller level of relative stability of genotype (15,94%). Selection worth of genotype (SWG) for lettuce of grade Snizhynka in zone of Polissia made 4,59. Conclusions. In zone of Left-bank Forest-steppe according to the year of growing at oscillation of the sum of active temperatures within the limits of 1076–1318°C and oscillation of sum of rainfalls of 56,6–193,6 mm the productivity of lettuce of grade Snizhynka made 6,7–12,2 t/hectare. In zone of Polissia the ratio of rainfall to sum of active temperatures (HTQ) almost did not influence formation of productivity at its oscillation within the limits of 0,65–1,48. Dependence of formation of productivity in zones of Forest-steppe and Polissia on quotient of elasticity made 0,05 and 0,26, that specified favorable conditions of native zone of Left-bank Forest-steppe for growing lettuce. General and specific adaptive abilities of grade Snizhynka were above in zone of Forest-steppe (0,75 and 3,93 accordingly), the best selection worth of genotype of grade was characteristic for zone of Polissia (4,59).