Zoning of the territory of Western Polissya of Ukraine for anthropogenic loading and ecological status of small river basins

Abstract

The purpose. To execute zoning of territory of Western Polissia of Ukraine on anthropogenic load and to evaluate ecological state of basins of small rivers. Methods. Study was conducted according to regular observation within the limits of basins of the probed rivers with the use of system model of hierarchical structure «Basin of small river». The given model realized grading basins of small rivers on extent of anthropogenic loads and allowed tracking state of water-collecting area on various indexes in a slit of separate subsystems (radioactive impurity of territory, use of lands, use of river flow, quality of water). Results. At account of extent of anthropogenic load on basin of small rivers they evaluated quantitative and quality indicators of separate subsystems. It was established that on aggregate of all criteria the ecological state of basins in 33% of rivers was characterized as «changes negligible», 25 — state «satisfactory», in 42% — state «bad» and «very bad». General ecological state of basins of small rivers of Western Polissia was unsatisfactory. By results of water-ecological zoning of territory of probes they offered some nature protection measures. In particular, in all basins of rivers of Western Polissia first of all it is necessary to increase amount of forests, to diminish the areas of agricultural lands and index ploughing. Conclusions. With the purpose of martempering and restoring of the disturbed natural state of basins of small rivers of Western Polissia of Ukraine it is necessary to hold water-ecological zoning of their territories. That will promote density of force of all objects of control and managing for development and implementation of general basin and territorial nature protection measures.