Resistance against basic causal organisms of diseases of winter wheat in F1-F3, created at participation wheat-rye translocations

Abstract

The purpose. To analyze and determine trends of inheritance of group resistance against basic causal organisms of diseases of soft winter wheat in hybrid generations of F1–F3 created with participation of varieties with wheat-rye translocations. Methods. Field with use of artificial complex of infection background of pathogenes, observation and assessment of defeat by basic causal organisms of diseases according to conventional techniques and methodical recommendations in selection of soft winter wheat. Results. Researches were spent in 2016–2018 on fields of laboratory of selection of winter wheat of Myronivka institute of wheat. They studied 30 intervarietal hybrids F1–F3 gained as a result of crossing varieties-carriers of wheat-rye translocations (WRT). They determined overdominance of resistance against Erysiphe graminis DC. f.sp. tritici in combinations of crossing Zolotokolosa/Kolumbiya and Kolumbiya/Expromt, created at participation WRT 1AL.1RS, in both years of researches. They detected indexes of fractionally positive prevalence of resistance against causal organism Septoria tritici Rob. et Desm in 2016 of combination of crossing Zolotokosa/Expromt in group of crossing 1AL.1RS/1AL.1RS and in group 1BL.1RS/1AL.1RS. Index of phenotypical overdominance (heterosis) was established in hybrid combination Svitanok Myronivskyi / Kolumbiya. Negative prevalence (up to 16,7 %) was fixed in group of crossing 1AL.1RS/1BL.1RS. Positive transgressions were established in F2: 97 % — resistance against E. graminis; 100 % — Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici Rob. et Desm; 87 % — S. tritici; in F3 100% — on resistance against E. graminis and S. tritici; 90 % — against P. recondita. According to results of researches hybrid combinations of crossing (43 %) which formed resistance to 3 causal organisms of diseases were established. The greatest share (38 %) of complex resistance was fixed for hybrids of group of crossing 1AL.1RS/1BL.1RS. Conclusions. In 2016–2017 they had determined: for hybrid combinations Zolotokosa/Kolumbiya and Kolumbiya/Expromt overdominance of resistance against causal organism E. graminis; for Zolotokosa/Kolumbiya — against causal organism S. tritici, parent forms were carrying agents of translocation 1AL.1RS. Positive transgressions were established in hybrid populations of F2 and F3 — resistance against E. graminis, P. recondita and S. tritici. The most valuable were combinations Expromt/Kalinova, Kolumbiya/Svitanok Myronivskyi, Kolumbiya/Lehenda Myronivska, Zolotokosa/Kalinova, Kolumbiya/Lehenda Myronivska.