Assessment of phosphate and potash states of virgin, tillable and recultivated soils

Abstract

The purpose. To state an exact assessment of phosphate and potash states of virgin and tillable natural soils, recultivated soils of different lithologic content (long fallow). Methods. Statistical-mathematical analysis of materials of automized data bank of agrochemical properties of soils. Results. Regularities of formation of phosphate and potash states of natural and recultivated soils of different coenosises are established. Dynamics of changes of values of security of these soils with movable joints of phosphorus and potassium under the influence of various factors is resulted. It is proved that natural content of accessible to plants nutrients in virgin and idle lands sometimes attains very tall values exceeding optimum. But such content of nutrients is characteristic only for layer of sod or the upper humus (humus-accumulative) horizon of soils. Trophic systems of virgin (long fallow) soils after their ploughing up are characterized by low values of indexes. Conclusions. The major role in building system which enables to sustain tall phosphate and potash levels of soils, play active forms of humus. Increase of content of again organized organic substance during 13 years promoted essential heightening of security of top layer (0–5 cm) of recultivated soils with movable joints of phosphorus and potassium. The heavier was granulometric composition of sod-lithogenic soils, and the more it contained humus matters, the more intensive they accumulated phosphorus and potassium. In conditions of turfy soil formation with its activation by grain-bean components recultivated soils in due course can become a redundancy for building productive agricultural lands.