Assimilation of phosphorus by plants of corn at presence of phosphate mobilizing bacteria

Abstract

The purpose. To study action of phosphate mobilizing bacteria on the level of assimilation of phosphorus by plants of corn at cultivation on leached chernozem. Methods. Field, microbiological, biochemical, agrochemical, statistical. Results. They determined in dynamics amount of phosphate mobilizing bacteria capable to dissolve minerals-phosphates of insoluble complexes with cations of Ca++, Fe+++, Al+++ and bacteria which hydrolyze organic forms of phosphate, phosphatase activity of rhizosphere soil, level of assimilation of phosphorus by plants of corn at action of bacterization of seeds. It is fixed the following: amount of bacteria which dissolve Ca3 (PO4) 2 increased from 12,7 (in control) up to 27,5 millions/g of soil (in alternative with Agrobacterium radiobacter 5006), AlPO4 — from 9,2 (in control) up to 17,9 millions/g of soil (in alternative with A. radiobacter 5006), FePO4 — from 8,9 (in control) up to 17,3 millions/g of soil (at action of Enterobacter aerogenes 3271), and bacteria which hydrolyze organic forms of phosphate — from 12,7 (in control) up to 29,5 millions/g of soil (in alternative with Basillus sp. 2473). The highest phosphatase activity was observed at action of Basillus sp. 2473 — 4,34 accordingly at indexes of control of 2,84 mg P2O5/100 g of soil/hour. Conclusions. Bacterization of seeds of corn by active strains of phosphate mobilizing bacteria A. radiobacter 5006, Paenibacillus polymyxa KV, Bacillus sp. 2473, E. aerogenes 3271, E. nimipressuralis 5213 promotes increase of: amount of bacteria converting joints of phosphorus, phosphatase activity and level of mobility of phosphates in root zone, that positively influences phosphorous nutrition of plants. Biological factor of intensification of root nutrition of plants ensures increase of content of phosphorus in grain on 0,08-0,14%, as well as its removal with yield of crop on 24,8-35,9% concerning control.