Features of growing Miscanthus large on sewed organogenic soils of Left-bank Forest-steppe

Abstract

The purpose. To determine productivity of Miscánthus large depending on elements of technique of growing, to analyze their influence on growth and development of plants, to determine economic efficiency of growing crop in conditions of the sewed peat soils of Left-bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field, laboratory, analytical, calculation-comparative, mathematical-statistical. Results. Influence of elements of technique of growing Miscánthus large on its productivity in conditions of sewed peat soils of Left-bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine is probed. Results of probes of influence of time of sowing, seed spacing, mass of rhizomes and depths of their ploughing, fertilizing, measures on struggle against weeds and pests on productivity and economic efficiency of growing crop are brought. It is established that the given technique for 3-rd year of growing Miscánthus ensures a yield of dry biomass at the level of 23,7–26,1 t / hectare, or 403–444 GJ / hectare of energy. Conclusions. Technique is developed and justified of growing Miscánthus large for the power purposes on calcareous peat bogs of Left-bank Forest-steppe which consists in importation of fertilizers into dose of K60, planting rhizomes at density 0,7,1,4 m (10 thousand pieces/hectare) and their mass 50–70 g. Application of agrotechnical in aggregate with biological method of struggle against wireworm ensures effective protection of plants of Miscánthus at backfilling power plantations. The designed technique for years of probes has ensured an exit of dry biomass at the level of 44,5 t / hectare, or 756 GJ / hectare of thermal energy, at 13157 hrn / hectare of conditionally net profit, cost prices of 529,6 hrn / hectare and profitableness of 56%. The designed technique of growing Miscánthus large for long-term use (20–25 years) with deriving raw material for production of solid fuel can be used by farms and state factories which have sewed soils in land use.