Theoretical study transportation of beet plugs sugar loader mechanism of ychkozbyralna cars

Abstract

Goal. Justification of the rational parameters of the loading mechanism of the sugar beet harvester through a theoretical study of the movement process of the mowed sugar beet husk particles along its blade. Methods. In the theoretical research of this work, the methods of mathematical modelling, higher mathematics, and theoretical mechanics, as well as the methods of compiling computer programs and analyzing the obtained results of PC calculations and graphic dependencies, were used. Results. A new design of the sugar beet harvester with an improved loading mechanism has been developed, which accepts the entire volume of cut sugar beet husks and loads it into a vehicle that moves next to the sugar beet harvester. To substantiate the rational parameters of the specified mechanism, a mathematical model of the movement of a grain particle along the blade of a centrifugal winch, which is the main structural element of this mechanism, and its descent from the blade was developed with the aim of further modelling its movement along the inner surface of the discharge nozzle and subsequent movement to the vehicle. The basis of this mathematical model is the differential equation of the motion of a particle of gin on the blade of a winder, which considers the influence of the air flow created by its rotation around an axis. This differential equation includes the main structural, kinematic, and power parameters that affect the course of the studied process of unloading the scum. The solution of these differential equations on the PC made it possible to substantiate the rational parameters of the working bodies of the loading mechanism of the picker. Conclusions. An increase in the angular speed of rotation of the winder and the length l of its blade leads to an increase in the drift particle’s absolute velocity from the blade’s end. For example, with an increase in the length of the excavator blade from 0.1 m to 0.35 m and its angular speed from 10 s–1 to 40 s–1, the absolute speed Va increases from 1.2 m∙s–1 to 16 m∙s–1. At an ω angular velocity of rotation of the blower of 10 s–1, an increase in the air flow speed Va from 5 to 35 m∙s–1 lead to a smooth linear increase in the relative velocity of the M particle from 0.67 to 0.78 m∙s–1. For a higher angular speed ω of rotation of the blower, equal to 20 s–1, the growth curve of the relative velocity of the particle has a more intense character at air flow speeds Va from 5 to 25 m∙s–1 and approaches a linear law at air flow speeds above 25 m∙p–1. At the same time, the relative speed changes from 0.9 to 1.4 m∙s–1. At angular velocity ω = 15 s–1, there is a decrease in the relative velocity of the M particle at an air flow speed of up to 30 m∙s–1, which indicates that the air flow prevents the movement of the particles of chaff, and only at an air flow speed of more than 30 m∙s–1 a gradual decrease Va is observed increasing the relative speed of the particle. For the final selection of the design and kinematic parameters of the scraper, it is necessary to analyze the initial parameters with the help of a developed mathematical model to obtain the necessary absolute rate of descent of the chaff particle from the blade to ensure its further movement along the surface of the casing of the loading mechanism of the chaff harvester.