Toxicity assessment of waters of surface sources of water service on Аllium ceрa L. with the use of digital-photo-chromium-analysis

Abstract

The purpose. To justify expediency of use of factor of chlorophyll pigment (FCP), determined in onion leaves (A. cepa) by means of digital-photo-chromium-analysis (DPCA), for biotesting toxicity of waters of surface sources of water service. Methods. Biological testing (Allium-test), technique of DPCA by FCP, correlation and regression analysis. Results. Modification of Allium-test due to determination of FCP in leaves of bulbs instead of measurement of length of their little roots for assessment of quality of waters has been entirely justified and has confirmed presence of reliable rectilinear link between these indexes, and also the values of indexes of toxicity calculated on their basis (higher, than 50%). Conclusions. In the researches the opportunity is confirmed of biotesting surface sources of water service with the use of FCP, determined on the 8th day using DPCA technique in leaves of onion (A. cepa) which has appeared in conditions of CE «Zhytomyrvodokanal» more sensitive (index of toxicity in group D1 — 55,96, D2 — 53,18%) to pollution in short-term chronic experiment in comparison to index of length of rooted bunch (54,72 and 52,07% accordingly). In spite of the fact that use of DPCA demands significant material inputs, the offered technique is more informative (on the average on 4,12%) and less labor-consuming (on the average on 44,86%) than measurement of little roots at each bulb with much longer processing the gained data. To determine FCP in leaves of onion it is possible not only for assessment of quality of water in conditions of water canals and sewage disposal plants, but also for optimization of water treatment with application of disinfectants and other reagents.