Biological technique of protection of crops: prospects for Ukraine

Abstract

The purpose. To analyze modern state of application of biological technique of protection of crops in Ukraine and its regions, development of domestic production of biological products in the context of world experience and prospects of application of biomethod, basic trends of development of this market and prospects of ecological farming agriculture. Methods. Analytical, economic-statistical, comparative analysis, graphical and cartographical. Results. In the last years in Ukraine there was a resistant negative trend of dominance of chemical methods of protection of crops above biological. Thus situation in regions is different: if in 2016 the average index of share of biological technique in total amount of application of means of protection of crops across Ukraine was 4,6 %, then in 9 regions this parameter was above and oscillated from 5,0 up to 13,0%; in the majority of regions the share of biomethod did not exceed 1–3%, and in 5 areas had not reached 1%. Regions with the greatest cultivated areas of crops head antiratings on application of biological techniques of protection of crops with the volumes which do not exceed 5% of cultivated areas (Dnipropetrivsk, Zaporizhzhia, Kharkiv, Mykolaiv, Kirovograd, Odesa, Kherson oblasts). Conclusions. In Ukraine application of ecologically safe biological technique of protection of crops tends to the further reduction. For overcoming this situation they offer the most comprehensible scripts: eurointegration — implementation of organic legislation of EU and increasing areas under organic farming up to 1,2%, under ecological — up to 1,6% of all area occupied under farm-production; national - formation and legal maintenance of organic farming, maintenance of national system of collective safeguard of both organic and ecological farming agriculture and increasing areas under organic farming up to 1,2%, under ecological — up to 5,6% of all areas occupied under farm-production.