Influence of fertilizer and processing of soil on formation of roductivity of spring rape

Abstract

The purpose. To study effect of different methods of soil cultivation and doses of fertilizers on formation of productivity of spring rape in conditions of Northern part of Forest-steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field (both visual and phenological observations over growth and development of plants of spring rape), biochemical (determination of quality indicators of seeds), statistical (statistical analysis of results of probes), comparative-calculation (determination of economic and power efficiency of elements of technique of growing spring rape). They carried out experiments according to conventional procedures in farming agriculture and plant growing. Weather conditions during holding probes differed on basic hydrothermal indexes (temperature, rainfall) from average long-term and on years therefore productivity of plants varied a little. Results. Results of 2-years (2016, 2017) probes are brought on influence of systems of soil cultivation and fertilizing on productivity of spring rape. Conclusions. It is fixed that the highest productivity of seeds (2,24 t/hectare with oil content of 45,78%) was at intense fertilizing in alternative with application of N90P105K120+N30 and minimum soil cultivation. Application of technique of straight sowing promotes decrease of power expenditures at growing spring rape and is one of power saving agrotechnical methods (in comparison with conventional cultivation of crop). Importation of fertilizers increases power expenditures at cultivation of rape which attain maximum on the background of N90P105K120 + N30. Substitution of plowing with disking and importation of fertilizers in dose of N90P105K120 + N30 at growing spring rape of grade Mahnat is energetically economical alternative because of the highest productivity of seeds, and the greatest receipt of energy with the crop (47040 MJ). The highest quotient of power efficiency was gained in the alternative without fertilizing based on no-till technique (4,45).