Total water requirement and evaporation of tomato at different methods of showering and depth of calculated layer of soil in South region of Ukraine

Abstract

The purpose. To investigate dynamics of evapora­tion according to growth phases and development of tomato, as well as the level of total water requirement, water use efficiency for forming unit of yield, depen­dence of daily consumption of soil moisture on daily average air temperature. Methods. Field, laboratory, statistical. Results. Total water requirement of tomato at drip irrigation for the season of probes was for 30,5%less than at sprinkling and micro-sprinkling irrigation. In the phase of mass formation of fruits daily average evaporation at drip irrigation was for 58,8-59,5% less than at sprinkling and micro-sprinkling irrigation. At drip irrigation quotients of water requirement were for 65,5% lower than at sprinkling irrigation, and for 56,8% lower than at micro-sprinkling irrigation. Conclusions. Drip irrigation ensures more effective use of receiving part of water balance in comparison with sprinkling and micro-sprinkling irrigation in separate growth phases of development and as a whole for a vegetative period.