The efficiency of application of mineral fertilizers and microbiological preparations on legume-cereal meadow agrophytocenosis

Abstract

Goal. To determine peculiarities of the formation of seeded legume-cereal agrophytocenoses, their productivity and the chemical composition, nutritional value and energy content of the feed on the gray soils of the Carpathian region depending on mineral fertilizers and nitrogen-fixing preparations. Methods. Scientific — hypothesis, induction and deduction, analogy, generalization, and special — field, laboratory, mathematical-statistical, calculation. Results. They fixed the following: Lucerne was well kept in lucerne-cereal grass stand during the first 3 years, Red clover was well kept in clover-cereal grass stand only during the first 2 years of use with a share of both types of 41–69%. Adding clover or lucerne to the mix of cereals in the variant without fertilizers on the background of N30P60K60 contributed: to the increase in the content of crude protein in dry weight on 4.2–4.4%, to the security of fodder unit of digestible protein — on 30–38 g, as well as protein, digestibility of the dry weight of the feed in vitro, to the reduction of the content of crude fiber and nitrogen-free extractives. Conclusions. Using different types of legumes, in particular, clover or lucerne in the mixture of cereals increases the productivity of seeded herbage in the absence of fertilizer from 3.65 to 5.25–6.32 t/ha of dry weight. More productive with the best chemical composition and nutritional value of feed is Lucerne-cereal seeded grass stand. At use of P90K120 in combination with nitrogen-fixing preparations the productivity of legume-cereal grass stand is increased by 12 and 19% in comparison with variant without fertilizers.