Use of manure utilization products for gro­wing winter wheat

Abstract

Goal. To study the effectiveness of deep processing of manure — vermicompost — and the Nanoverm biopreparation obtained from it as a high-quality complex environmentally friendly organic fertilizer for grain crops. Methods. Field (observation, collection of primary data), laboratory (study of stem damage by diseases, determination of grain moisture, and the presence of weed impurities in it), comparative and descriptive (comparison of plant development for their assessment), and mathematical (determination of cost and profitability). Results. It was found that the pre-sowing treatment of winter wheat seeds with vermicompost in a dose of 1 l/t contributed to an increase in seed germination energy by 3.9%, in laboratory germination — by 5.8% in comparison with the control, and in a dose of 1.5 l/t — by 4.5% and 5.8%, respectively. During the treatment of seeds with Nanoverm biopreparation in a dose of 1 l/t, germination energy increased by 5.3%. Pre-sowing treatment of seeds with vermicompost in a dose of 1 l/t provided an increase in the length of the coleoptile by 17.7%, the length of the roots by 12.2% in comparison with the control, and in a dose of 1.5 l/t by 21.9% and 20.7%, respectively. The length of the coleoptile increased by 38.5%, and the length of the roots by 9.7% when treated with Nanoverm biopreparation in a dose of 1 l/t. According to the analysis of biometric indicators and elements of the crop structure, after harvesting the mass of grain and its fullness, and the number of grains in the wheel was larger in the experimental version. Conclusions. It was established that the yield of winter wheat grain in the experimental version was 8.6 c/ha (22.3%) higher than in the control one, which indicated the prospects of using the Nanoverm biological product in modern ecologically safe technologies as an important factor in increasing the yield of winter wheat. It was proved that the most expedient for increasing the yield of winter wheat was the pre-sowing treatment of seeds with Nanoverm biofertilizer in a dose of 1.5 l/t.